I can easily burn or “etch” a single line at a width of .5mm by defocusing. More if absolutely necessary but line quality suffers. A ramp test will reveal this. A second test at the chosen defocus position will determine speed and power.
If I need more than about .5mm and still want to do vector lines, I create offset lines.
The problem being these files are terrain files given to my Patreons so they need to be super easy to do. Defocussing lasers or multiple etch layers or anything more complex than cut and etch was a no go for simplicity sake. Sadly.
Lowest common denominator was cut and an hours etch. But when I want to design new things I need it to be faster for my own prototyping.
What makes a laser really work is the lens… You can’t create or destroy energy.
Power isn’t being lost when you de-focus the beam. It’s just spread out in a larger area.
Doing that changes the results not only with speed, power also…
Even with no lens, the results are clearly demonstrated in this Russ Sadler video at about 1:12 minutes in.
You just have a different dot size to deal with. The laser everything video on photo engraving is perfectly applicable to a change in dot size along with an associated change in a viable interval.
A 254mm (10") lens will produce a theoretical dot size of 0.47mm, or about a 0.5mm dot. Using 7mm beam at lens.
Will it suffer line quality, doubt it… it’s power distribution across the beam will be the same, except it will have a depth of field of about 17mm
Again, it’s just a different dot size to deal with…