I’m wondering about the beam expander front. I can fit the unexpanded beam on the cheap galvo’s 10mm input. But I do understand that an expanded beam yields a smaller, more intense spot size at the cost of a shallower depth of focus. Not sure if that makes a better machine for general purpose needs or not. But the heads with larger input apertures cost much more
So, EZCAD3 boards aren’t actually supported under LB yet? We need to downgrade to EZCAD2?
And the variants which support CO2 are different boards for fiber?
I think this is really lens dependent and not input beam size related. Most of the formulas I’ve see deal with the resultant spot size and don’t mention depth of field.
A faster lens (lower F number as in photography) has the same depth of field, just gathers more light.
I went with a smaller tube on the last upgrade. I have room where the tube is for an expanded and have considered picking one up to fiddle with…
The fiber came along and almost halted my co2 use… along with that, it’s outside in the heat and the fiber is inside…
Diffraction limits are a fixed formula, and usually systems have high enough quality optics that they’re at the diffraction limit.
For a fixed wavelength, the min spot size scales up proportional with focal length, but oddly the reciprocal of input beam diameter (opposite of what you’d think). The depth of focus scales up with focal length and reciprocal of beam diameter.
Basically, in a regular gantry laser, doubling beam diameter has the same net effect as going from a 2" lens to a 1" engraving lens. Tiny focal spot 1/2 the dia and 4x the intensity, but 1/2 the depth of focus so a poorer cutter.
The galvo laser should follow the same rules, but there’s a difference in that the working area is set by the focal length. The longer focal length lenses have a larger working area. Wider beam input dia will get a sharper, more intense beam with a more limited depth of focus. That same thing could be achieved by a shorter focus lens, but the shorter lens fundamentally comes with a smaller work area.
I can fit the beam on a 10mm galvo head. Those are cheap, less than $200. The larger beam dia ones get way more expensive. The 20mm is $800, plus a 2:1 beam expander.